Extrinsic allergic alveolitis. Case report
Keywords:
Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Pneumonia.Abstract
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis encompasses a set of immunologically mediated entities, caused by repeated inhalation of antigens. Its worldwide incidence ranges between 0,3 and 0,9 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. The case of an 18-year-old patient, a carpenter's assistant, is presented, who begins with shortness of breath, cough and fever after cutting wood. Given this symptomatology and the finding of crackles at the base of the left hemithorax, it is managed as community-acquired pneumonia. The complementary tests showed an increase in IgG, eosinophilia and a restrictive pattern in spirometry. An extrinsic allergic alveolitis was diagnosed and treatment with oral steroids was indicated, showing satisfactory evolution. Occupational extrinsic allergic alveolitis is a pathology that is difficult to diagnose due to its low frequency and similarity to other interstitial lung diseases, but once diagnosed it evolves favorably with the use of steroids.
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