Clinical and epidemiological characterization of pediatric patients with selective Immunoglobulin A deficiency
Keywords:
IgA Deficiency, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Immunoglobulin A, Pediatrics.Abstract
Introduction: selective IgA deficiency is the severe deficiency or total absence of the IgA class of immunoglobulins in blood serum and secretions. It is the most common but usually asymptomatic primary immunodeficiency and is characterized by decreased serum IgA concentrations and normal IgG and IgM levels.
Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically pediatric patients with selective IgA deficiency.
Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in pediatric patients with selective IgA deficiency, at the “Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira” North Children's Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from January to October 2019. Descriptive statistics were used.
Results: the female sex predominated with 34 patients (69.5 %) and the ages between 2 and 4 years (48.7 %). 51 % of the patients had a family history, of which atopy was the most frequent (38.8 %). A predominance of respiratory manifestations (48.9 %) was evidenced, including acute otitis media (18.36 %).
Conclusions: selective IgA deficiency in pediatric patients presented with respiratory and allergic manifestations more frequently. Recurrent infections and atopic diseases were common, with acute otitis media and food allergy being predominant, respectively.
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